ADU Pass
Oldhams
ADU Pass helps homeowners in Oldhams, Westmoreland County, Virginia navigate the permit paperwork for building an accessory dwelling unit. This area covers 1 ZIP code.
Map
ADU details
ADU legality: allowed-with-restrictions
Oldhams ADUs follow Westmoreland County zoning. A-1 parcels permit farm-related accessory dwellings administratively. SB 531 preempts effective July 1, 2027.
Cost scenarios
| Scenario | Sq ft | Permit | Build | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| minimum | 200 | $1,600 | $56,000 | $57,600 |
| 600 | 600 | $1,600 | $168,000 | $169,600 |
| midpoint | 600 | $1,600 | $168,000 | $169,600 |
| 1000 | 1,000 | $1,600 | $280,000 | $281,600 |
| maximum | 1,000 | $1,600 | $280,000 | $281,600 |
Fee breakdown (as of 2026-05)
Permitting process
Viability (permitted uses)
- Long-term rental: yes Long-term rental sees thin demand from Northern Neck residents and Heathsville / Reedville commuters.
- Short-term rental: with-restrictions STR demand in Oldhams is light. Westmoreland County requires STR registration; transient-occupancy tax applies.
- Office rental: with-restrictions Detached office rental requires Home Occupation permit; SUP for non-resident-employee use.
- Home office: yes Home occupation is a permitted accessory use.
- Studio / workshop: yes Personal studio is a permitted accessory use.
- Agriculture: yes Oldhams parcels are predominantly A-1 with full agricultural use rights.
- Relative support: yes Multi-generational accessory dwelling is permitted.
Incentives
Contacts
Utilities
- Water: Private well · 30d connect · $11,500
- Sewer: Private on-site septic · 40d connect · $13,500
- Electric: Northern Neck Electric Cooperative (NNEC) · 25d connect · $2,150
- Gas: Bottled propane · 14d connect · $1,850
Property values & taxes
Construction timeline
Realistic total: best 8mo · typical 13mo · worst 20mo
Modular pathway inspectors are occasional with modular
Financing
State ADU loans:
Insurance impact
HOA prevalence & preemption
Virginia has no HOA-ADU preemption. Oldhams-area rural parcels are largely covenant-free.
Regulatory overlays (2)
Technical envelope (climate & building code)
Climate & energy code
Building code
Amendments:
- Amendment
- Amendment
- Amendment
Contractor market (aggregate)
Legal history (timeline)
Current ordinance: Westmoreland County Code Appendix A (Zoning Ordinance), adopted 1986-01-01, last amended 2024-04-01
- 1750-01-01 — Oldhams settlement era (settlement)
Oldhams developed as a small farming community in southeastern Westmoreland County in the mid-18th century. Named after the Oldham family that settled the area. Remained a rural agricultural community throughout the 19th and 20th centuries.
Effect: Established the rural agricultural settlement pattern that defines Oldhams today; the community never incorporated. - 1986-01-01 — Westmoreland County adopts current zoning ordinance (local-ordinance)
Westmoreland County's current zoning ordinance (Appendix A of the County Code) was adopted in 1986 and governs all unincorporated parcels including Oldhams. A-1 Agricultural is the predominant Oldhams-area district.
Effect: Brought Oldhams parcels under modern zoning oversight. - 1988-07-01 — Virginia Chesapeake Bay Preservation Act adopted (state-statute)
The CBPA requires Tidewater Virginia localities (including Westmoreland County) to designate RPA / RMA buffers along tidal waterways.
Effect: Oldhams-area parcels along tidal-creek tributaries of the Yeocomico River and Lower Machodoc Creek carry RPA buffers. The interior rural Oldhams area is largely RMA (best-management-practice tier). - 2026-04-14 — Virginia SB 531 signed into law (statewide ADU preemption) (state-statute)
SB 531 (2026 General Assembly Regular Session) requires every Virginia locality, effective July 1, 2027, to permit at least one ADU by-right on any parcel with an existing single-family dwelling, caps total local permit and zoning fees at $500, and preempts owner-occupancy mandates. Ordinances adopted before January 1, 2026 are grandfathered.
Effect: SB 531 will compel Westmoreland County to permit by-right ADUs on Oldhams-area single-family parcels effective July 1, 2027. CBPA RPA / RMA review is not preempted.
Known issues (1)
- fee-schedule-pending — Approximately $1,100 in permit-fee savings on each by-right ADU built after July 1, 2027 on a non-RPA Oldhams parcel.
Westmoreland County — county ADU rules and overlays
County ADU ordinance
Westmoreland County has no standalone accessory-dwelling-unit ordinance. Virginia is a Dillon Rule state, and the General Assembly has not enacted a statewide ADU-enabling statute analogous to California AB 68 or Oregon SB 1051, so ADU permissibility is entirely a creature of local zoning. The county zoning ordinance permits 'accessory structures' and, in some residential districts, 'guest houses' or 'family apartments' as either by-right or special-exception uses, but uses the older accessory-structure vocabulary rather than 'accessory dwelling unit'. Applicants seeking a second dwelling on a single parcel typically proceed via special-exception / conditional-use permit before the Board of Zoning Appeals or the Board of Supervisors.
County regulatory overlays
- other — Because almost every waterfront parcel in Westmoreland County touches RPA, ADU site placement on waterfront lots is frequently the binding constraint rather than zoning density. Non-waterfront interior lots are still in RMA and must meet performance criteria (stormwater, erosion and sediment control, septic drain-field setback).
- flood-zone — An ADU located in a VE (coastal high-hazard) zone must be elevated on open piles/columns to or above the BFE plus any county freeboard; AE-zone ADUs require lowest-floor elevation at or above BFE.
- historic-district — Owners of individually listed National Register properties pursuing state historic-rehabilitation tax credits must comply with the Secretary of the Interior's Standards administered through the Virginia Department of Historic Resources, but this is opt-in (credit-seeking), not a zoning overlay.
- wetland-overlay — Wetlands Board review is separate from, and additional to, CBPA/RPA review.
Virginia state — ADU law and programs
State ADU law
Virginia has NOT enacted a statewide ADU preemption law. Virginia is a Dillon Rule state — localities possess only those powers expressly granted by the General Assembly — and the statutes granting zoning authority (Va. Code § 15.2-2280 et seq.) leave ADU regulation to local ordinances. ADU permission, setbacks, parking, size, and owner-occupancy rules therefore vary by county, independent city, and town. Virginia is unique in that it has 38 independent cities that function as counties (neither in nor subordinate to the surrounding county), meaning 'the county' for any given Virginia property may be an independent city rather than a true county. Several ADU preemption bills have been introduced in recent General Assembly sessions (2022 through 2025) without enactment; none have advanced past committee as of the Assembly's 2026 regular session adjournment.
State financing programs
Virginia does not operate an ADU-specific statewide loan, grant, or forgivable-loan program. Virginia Housing (formerly the Virginia Housing Development Authority, VHDA — rebranded 2020) administers general first-time-homebuyer, down-payment-assistance (DPA), mortgage-credit-certificate, and rehabilitation products that can be applied to ADU-adjacent purchases or improvements when eligibility criteria are met, but none target ADU construction as a distinct product. The Virginia Department of Housing and Community Development (DHCD) administers federal HOME and CDBG pass-through funds that local jurisdictions can direct toward ADU-adjacent rehab, but there is no state-level ADU-dedicated line item. Federally available products (FHA 203(k), Fannie Mae HomeReady and HomeStyle Renovation, Freddie Mac CHOICERenovation) remain the primary ADU financing path for Virginia homeowners.
State housing programs
Virginia does not run a state-level pre-approved-ADU-plan catalog, statewide impact-fee-waiver statute for ADUs, or streamlined-review mandate. State-level programs that touch ADU-adjacent policy are coordinated primarily through the Department of Housing and Community Development (DHCD) and Virginia Housing, and act by funding or assisting local jurisdictions rather than by preemption. Local ADU activity — Arlington County's Accessory Dwellings program (detached ADUs permitted since 2008, liberalized 2020), Alexandria's accessory-dwelling ordinance, Fairfax County's accessory-living-unit program, and Charlottesville's 2021 zoning-code changes — is authorized under the localities' Va. Code § 15.2-2280 zoning authority, not by state mandate.
- DHCD Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Program — Federal CDBG funds administered by DHCD to eligible non-entitlement Virginia localities for community-revitalization, housing-rehab, and infrastructure projects. Not ADU-specific. Participating localities can direct CDBG funds toward housing-rehab projects where local policy supports ADUs.
- DHCD HOME Investment Partnerships Program — Federal HOME funds administered by DHCD to Virginia participating jurisdictions and non-profits for affordable-housing acquisition, rehab, and new construction. Not ADU-specific; can be directed to ADU-adjacent rehab at local discretion.
- Virginia Housing Commission — Permanent advisory commission of the General Assembly that studies housing-policy questions and recommends legislation. Has periodically studied ADU preemption and missing-middle housing without recommending statewide enactment as of 2026-04-21.
- Local ADU ordinances under Va. Code § 15.2-2280 authority — Not a state program — listed here because Virginia ADU policy is executed entirely at the locality level under the § 15.2-2280 zoning grant. A homeowner seeking to build an ADU consults the zoning ordinance of the specific county, city, or town where the parcel is located.
Federal (United States) — ADU-relevant rules and programs
Federal ADU law
The United States has no federal statute that directly regulates accessory dwelling unit entitlement or design. Land-use authority over ADUs resides with states and local governments under the traditional police power. Federal engagement is limited to financing (Fannie/Freddie/FHA/VA/USDA), flood insurance (FEMA/NFIP), and discretionary housing programs (HUD), which are recorded in sibling sections of this file.
Federal financing programs
Federal housing-finance agencies and GSEs set nationwide underwriting rules that govern whether an ADU can be financed, appraised, and counted toward mortgage qualifying income. The relevant actors are Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, FHA (HUD), VA, and USDA Rural Development.
Federal tax credits
There is no ADU-specific federal tax credit. ADUs may incidentally qualify for existing federal energy-efficiency and clean-energy tax credits when the ADU construction includes qualifying measures.
Federal housing programs
HUD administers several discretionary programs that can fund ADU-related activity at the grantee's election, but none is an ADU-specific program.
ZIP Code
- 22529
Post Office
- 3498 Oldhams Rd, 22529