Burton

Geauga County has NOT adopted a countywide zoning resolution under O.R.C. Chapter 303. The Geauga County Planning Commission (established January 1, 1957 by the Board of County Commissioners) does not exercise zoning authority over the unincorporated portions of the county; its statutory roles are (a) enforcement of the Geauga County Subdivision Regulations, (b) advisory review of township zoning text and map amendments before they go to township trustees for adoption, (c) preparation of the county land-use plan, and (d) census-data analysis. Land-use authority over ADUs rests at the township level (O.R.C. Chapter 519) for the 16 civil townships, and at the municipal level for the city of Chardon and the villages of Aquilla, Burton, Chagrin Falls (the portion in Geauga), Hunting Valley, Middlefield, and South Russell. To assist the townships, the Planning Commission maintains a Model Township Zoning Resolution (most recent revision 2022-12-20, v2) that townships may adopt or adapt; uptake is voluntary and the operative ADU rule in any given township is the township's own adopted resolution, not the model. The Model resolution defines 'dwelling unit' but does not establish an ADU-by-right category, so accessory-dwelling permissibility under township-adopted derivatives of the model typically requires conditional-use review or a variance from the township Board of Zoning Appeals. There is no county-side ADU ordinance to cite; the operative ADU rule for any given parcel is decided at the township-trustee or village/city-council level.

• O.R.C. Chapter 303 — County rural zoning (not adopted by Geauga County)
• O.R.C. Chapter 519 — Township zoning
• Geauga County Subdivision Regulations (Geauga County Planning Commission)
• Geauga County Model Township Zoning Resolution (2022-12-20, v2)

State-floor overlay: Ohio has no statewide ADU preemption (see state-level research). Construction is governed by the Residential Code of Ohio (RCO) for one- and two-family dwellings under O.R.C. § 3781.10 and OAC 4101:8, enforced through the Geauga County Building Department. The Ohio Department of Health regulates Home Sewage Treatment Systems under OAC Chapter 3701-29, with local enforcement at the Geauga Public Health (formerly Geauga County General Health District) Operation & Maintenance Program. There is no state-imposed floor on ADU permissibility, parking, owner-occupancy, or size; those decisions are made at the township or municipal level.

Geauga County's overlay-style constraints that meaningfully affect ADU siting are: (1) FEMA NFIP Special Flood Hazard Areas in the unincorporated county administered by the Geauga County Building Department under the Special Purpose Flood Damage Reduction Resolution (Geauga's FIRM had an initial effective date of November 4, 1988); principal SFHA reaches are along the upper Cuyahoga River (which has its source within the county, at Headwaters Park / former East Branch Reservoir), the Chagrin River and its East, Aurora, and East-Aurora branches, Big Creek, and the headwaters of the Grand River; (2) Geauga Park District holdings, which cover roughly 13,000+ acres including the 926-acre Headwaters Park (leased from the City of Akron in 1996, holding the upper-Cuyahoga-River reservoir) and the 644-acre Big Creek Park in Chardon — Park-District-owned parcels are not developable and adjacent parcels may face Chagrin River Watershed Partners (CRWP) model-ordinance setbacks; (3) the Chagrin River riparian-setback regime, which most Chagrin-Valley townships and villages have adopted via CRWP model ordinances and which can require 75-300 ft riparian setbacks from the river and tributaries; (4) the Geauga County Operation & Maintenance Program for Household Sewage Treatment Systems (OAC 3701-29, effective 2015) — every one of the county's approximately 30,000 HSTSs requires an active O&M permit and periodic inspection, and an ADU on a private-septic parcel typically triggers a system-capacity review by Geauga Public Health and frequently a drainfield enlargement or advanced-treatment upgrade; (5) the Geauga County Amish settlement (centered on Middlefield, with 88 church districts and approximately 20,980 Amish residents as of 2024 — the second-largest Amish settlement in Ohio and fourth-largest in North America), which has distinct construction-practice patterns (Amish contractors, non-grid-tied utilities, hand-tool construction) that may interact with permit-process expectations but does not create a separate legal overlay; (6) CAUV-enrolled agricultural land, particularly across the central and eastern county, where conversion to non-agricultural use to site an ADU triggers three-year recoupment under O.R.C. § 5713.34.

• FEMA NFIP Special Flood Hazard Areas — Geauga County Special Purpose Flood Damage Reduction Resolution — An ADU built inside an SFHA must meet 44 CFR 60.3 standards: lowest-floor elevation at or above Base Flood Elevation (BFE), flood vents, anchoring, and post-construction Elevation Certificate filing. ADU cost impact in SFHA siting is typically material — the Chagrin Valley corridor has substantial mapped floodplain.
• Geauga Park District holdings and Chagrin River Watershed Partners riparian setbacks — An ADU project on a Chagrin Valley parcel should be screened early for CRWP riparian-setback compatibility — the setbacks are deeper than typical municipal setbacks and can effectively foreclose ADU siting on small riparian lots.
• Geauga Public Health Operation & Maintenance Program for Household Sewage Treatment Systems — HSTS capacity is frequently the rate-limiting step on a rural Geauga ADU project, not zoning or building permit. Owners should engage Geauga Public Health early for a system-capacity determination before committing to ADU design.
• Geauga SWCD Water Management and Sediment Control plan requirement (nine designated townships) — An ADU project in any of the nine designated townships should budget for a SWCD WMSC review concurrent with the building-permit submittal. Plan content includes erosion controls, sediment basins where applicable, and post-construction restoration.
• CAUV-enrolled agricultural land (O.R.C. § 5713.30 / § 5713.34) — CAUV recoupment is a material project cost on an ADU built on previously enrolled agricultural land. Owners should run the recoupment calculation with the Auditor's CAUV staff before committing to siting an ADU on CAUV acreage rather than on a separate non-CAUV residential parcel.

The Geauga County Building Department (Bureau of Inspections and Licensing), at 12611 Ravenwood Dr., Suite #360, Chardon, OH 44024 (phone 440-279-1780, fax 440-286-9177, email building@geauga.oh.gov), is the certified building department enforcing the Residential Code of Ohio (OAC 4101:8) and the Ohio Building Code countywide. Daniel Spada is the Chief Building Official; Michael Davet is the Assistant Building Official. Permit search, status, and inspection scheduling run through the Tyler eSuite portal (geaugacountyoh.nwerp.tylerapp.com/nwprod/eSuite.Permits/WelcomePage.aspx). Geauga is unusual relative to most Ohio counties in that a residential building permit application requires SEVEN concurrent or sequential sub-approvals — driveway permit, zoning permit (township/village/city), septic permit (Geauga Public Health), sewer permit (where applicable), flood determination permit, plumbing permit (Geauga Public Health, 440-279-1900), AND a soil and water permit (Geauga Soil and Water Conservation District). The soil-and-water permit is itself non-trivial: the Geauga SWCD (12611 Ravenwood Dr., Suite #240, Chardon, OH 44024; 440-834-1122; geaugaswcd@geauga.oh.gov) requires a Water Management and Sediment Control (WMSC) plan for any construction (including septic) on a sublot within a subdivision, any disturbance over one acre, OR any project over 300 square feet specifically in Auburn, Bainbridge, Claridon, Hambden, Munson, Newbury, Russell, Thompson, and Troy Townships. For an ADU built in any of those nine townships, the WMSC plan is effectively always required because a typical ADU footprint exceeds 300 sq ft.